Eidoloscope

Panoptikon redirects here. For other uses, see Panopticon (disambiguation)

The Eidoloscope was an early motion picture system created by Woodville Latham and his two sons through their business, the Lambda Company, in New York City in 1894 and 1895.

History

Originally called the Panoptikon, it is perhaps the first widescreen film format, with an aspect ratio of 1.85. It had a film gauge of 51 mm and an aperture of 37 mm by 20 mm. It was instrumental in the history of film in that it created what became known as the "Latham loop", which are two loops of film, one on each side of the intermittent movement, which act as a buffer between continuously moving sprockets and the jerky motion of the intermittent movement. This relieved strain on the filmstrip and so enabled the shooting and projection of much longer motion pictures than had previously been possible.

Early Beginnings

Woodville Latham, the creator of the eidoloscope, was originally a chemistry professor. Woodville's sons were in the business of showing boxing matches and would frequently hear complaints from patrons about how someone should make a machine that projects film on a screen. That way, more people could view the film at the same time. Unlike the kinetoscope. It was a much more efficient method of exhibition that would reduce start-up costs, since each parlor would need only one machine instead of six. W.K.L Dickson, an employee of Edison's at the same time, joined the Latham's and their project to help raise finances and the knowledge of how to move forward in the business.

The Latham's named their company after the Greek letter for "L", Lambda. The features that the Latham's produced were of poor quality and lacked the tilts and pans that other features were beginning to utilize. Unfortunately, the company did not last long since disputes over the copyrights from The Eidoloscope Company shareholders brought the Lathams' demise in 1896.

References

"Early Motion-Picture Companies." The Emergence of Cinema: The American Cinema to 1907. Charles Musser. Ed. Charles Harpole. Vol. 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1990. [133]-157. History of the American Cinema 1.

"Projecting Motion Pictures: Invention and Innovation." The Emergence of Cinema: The American Cinema to 1907. Charles Musser. Ed. Charles Harpole. Vol. 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1990. [91]-105. History of the American Cinema 1.

See also

• List of film formats